Chuck



Marh 29, 1932. R. F. RUSSELL.

CHUCK 3 Sheets-Sheet l Filed April 5, 1950 gwwntox March 29, 1932.

R. F. RUSSELL 1,851,525

CHUCK Filed April 5, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Mar( 29, 1932 canon f Appneaea el'ed-faprir f5,

A:"'Ihepresent"invention"relates chuck assembly and particu"larlyv tov a chuck for. holding-a. radius rodstrap' endvvhile'the same is being bored,A although it iste be understood i6 that'the4 chuck is Iadapted for .holdingother types of work upon Whicha machining operation iste be performed.` f Y 1 Radius rod strapends' are ordinarily drop forged, and have to be bored to bring the 10 opening therein to :113,002 inch limit. .Her etofore, the practice has been to clamp them in a jaw chuck While they were being bored.k

However,` a chuck of. the avvV type is notentirely satisfactory for clamping'such forge- `1'5 ingsv While they are being bored,`as-`the pressure of the `jaws distort'thev forgings` and, Vwhen released, the bored holes are frequently o-utrof round to such an extent `that the piece has toV be Vthrown away. `Byth'e -use' of al positive pressure, chuck the Work may be suitably clamped in the machine upon which the machining operation is to ybe performed., without any., danger Whatever of the-Work F being distorted,`and thefpiece `being natur# ally held Will ensure' 'that the holes-When bored Will be true .androundg v 1 It is an object of the present inventionto provide a positive pressure chuck vvhich will securely hold the Work Withoutl distorting the same, and one which may `loejreadily assembledand dismantled,` so that itmay be used to 'clamp Work of various types and sizes. This may be accomplished by merely *cha-nge ingthe pressure plate and a Work-locating each piece of Work. Such a chuck neverbecomes obsolete through a' change'in ,the size or proportions of the Work, and the replacement cost 'is thereby .redllCed to 2a minimum.

dln` carrying out the present invention I provide a chuck body which has one face the particular Work to be machined. This" body is `provided `With a plura-lityvofsupporting members upon which a pressureplate whereby the pressureplate may be slid upon sure 1ateaway fromlthe chuckjbofdytocaus the Work to be disen f adapter which islnade-tfit and is specialfor r is slidably mounted, and means are provided PATENT ,oFrIjC- i' RICHARD r. :'nUssELL, on ELMIBA, NEW YORK V193e. seal rfb. 441,883. l

the supporting members l)referal)ly;the

pressure plate islnormallyurgedtowards the Ychuck body to cause the `Work to'be clamperl c c between it and *the yWork-l0eating` a" cl'zq)ter7 I' and means are provided'for slidingltfhe'pres-A i gagedywhereby the same maybe readily removed.

The means for causing thepre'ssllife p to be slidaway from the chuck bodypref roperating shaft which passes through chuck body and has each end suitably drme'd to be `engaged by a tool forpperat'ingflie i sama so that the operation thereof ma'ygtake place from either side of the "machina"l Howv evergthe toggle means may," inv some cafses,".j'be i replaced byja shaft having lifting cams, orby Y a'rack and 1pinion,i-'Withou`t spring pressure but with, a positive lloclsring.; eccentric pin"lever,` or'such means .of releasing and lockingthe `movable pressure Aplate lmay take the" Eof luid'crmaircylinders Withfpistons. n

The y invention is .further illustratedfin e 1 i accompanying .drawingsl and'. description,

wherein the .chuck shown as'beingladapted Vtoclamp a radius rodstrap'end which'istofbe .y j y bored, but itis to be understood that the chuck i is applicable for clamping othertypes! O",

work and may be secured kto lathes, milling machines, or grinders, of various types, Where drilling, boring, reaming :or grindingopera'- -Y tions are to be performed upon the Work; and Where itis desired to hold the work `Without distortion. Itis also to be lunderstoodthat.

the further e illustration and description Vexemplication of the invention,` and tllatthe same isnot limited thereto in the' appended claims.

In the drawings y A. y Figure l is a side View ofthe chuck with a part thereof being shownin section.; A

except'as Se# AVforth Fig. Gis'a sectional View of a chuckwhereinv '100 i,

l late y y i 6b ably comprises toggle means,connected-.to an' Y VK2o l offtheparticular machine to:whichitisdei 'i located by a projecting register, with an opening linthe pressureplate, so that a drill orv the pressure plate is-operated by a fluid or air cylinder, and

Fig. 7 is a section on line 7-7 of Fig. YI nthe accompanying drawings, thechuck .assembly isshown as being applicable for clamping'a radius rod strap `end While 'thek same 1sV being bored, and comprises a `body` or faceplate'l, which has an Vadapter ring 2 secured to one face thereof so that the same may befreadily secured to the machine in which the machiningbperation is tobe'per.- .g

Y formed, in the presentinstance a turret lathe The adapter ring 2 willvary according to thel type of machine to which it is to vbe'attjached,

provided 'with suitable registersso that the f but in each case its outer periphery is formed to itin rthe recess 1 in .thechuck body 1 and is: secured therein by Ebolts 3, r or other removablesecuring means, which areanchored'in the lchuck body.l The adapter ring 2 alsov has athreadedopening' l'to mate the spindle nose si'red toattachthe chuck.

"Thec'enter' of the,v faceplate is.k provided with an opening 5 intowhich is vfitted a hard.- and ground steel bushing 6 having an openinga'of 2a size suitable to pilot boring bars`and reamers, VThe face plateisalso ,brushingv `fandv the adapterv ring willV be conk centric'andj true with each other. The face Y ofthefplate. liopposite tothat tovwhich the adapterring2ji's secured, is provided with a V:hardeiied fand ground steel VWorkflocating adapter 7 j centrallyy located yby a projecting register and detachably, secured thereto by meansfof screws or otherremovablefastening 'means Y 8'.r VThis Work-locating adapter is` 'formed thev particular, job upon which the machining'operation ytfbeV perform'ed. In' :the present instance', it is formedtolit a Vrod strap endl? which is to be bored, and to thatjend is'. vprovided with `a circular v recessl 1 having outwardly flaringwalls 11to ac curatelyconform to the shape ofthe radius rod strap Yend. `The,circular.opening is cut away, as shown at 12, to permit the lugs 13 to project therethrough a'ndfformV a reactional stop for'torsional thrust of cut'.A Y f The lower po'rtionof the chuck body or face plate 1 is provided with a pair of supportjing-members '14k-which, in the present in# stance,' are shown as pins or pillarsprojecting laterally'through and slidable inv bosses 15 4integrally f ormed 'with` the chuck body. yThese supporting members have mounted upon theirV outer ends va -pressurelplate 16,

which clamps the work against the Workl'oeating adapter. Thefpressure plate 16 is Y provided with va hardened and ground. Wear plate 17", I whichhas anopeningfla centrally reamerinay pass therethrough to engage the work."

:rllhgipresslllf plate 16 V is normally Y'ui-,figed towards'the chuck body or-'face plate 1 to cause'the Work to be maintained atv all times under a positive pressure. This pressure is preferably obtained by means of a relatively 'i ing 19 formed 1n the chuck body or face plate Y' strong spring 18, which is located in an open- 1, and the boss-20 which protrudes there-- from. The spring is maintainedwithin the screw-threaded or otherwise secured tothe vend 0f'theboss20. One end of the spring bears` against the fixed cap 21 and theother `end bears against the flanged end 22 of the member 22a which'is threaded uponthe bolt 23. The bolt 23 passes through an'opening inthe cap l,21 'and its :outer end,.extendsf through' a notch 24 inay washer 25, andfis prevented from beingpulled Vtherethroiigh under the forcefof the springby means jofV the head .26. i The washer Y25 i bears against thelowerend ofthe pressure plate 16, .and

.thefforce of the springactingagainst Y- 7 'flanged end 22 ofthefmemberl22a ist'rans mitted to the'pressure plate'161an'd normallyV urges the same toward the chuck body or face plate l, to clamp the yWorkbetween Vit'and the l Work-locating adapterI *7.

'Invorder tofmovethe pressureplate 16 away from thechuckbody orv faceplate ,1

yfertile insertion or removalV of work, an opl secured thereto,.by means of apin 2 8, a crank 29 whichjis connected to one lendfofa link 30. The other end oftheV linkA 301i's con- "nected Lto the vstudl which is adjustably aliixedin the lower portion of thepressure plate l16 by a set screw 32,2A

The: operating 'shaft v27lektends the cranks 29 oneach'side thereof, andfhas each 'of its ends 33 made angular so thatfa suitable Wrench may be, applied thereto to cause the'operation 'of the toggle' and the sliding of the pressure plate '16 and thesupporting members orpins 14.

y Vhen'it"sV desired to use the chuck itr is 'i secured to the machine Vtoolby threading the i adapter ring 2 onto the spindle nose Ofgthe machine, and a Work-locating adapted 7, of

suitable formation to conform tothe shape ofthe Work which istO be machined, is; se-

cured to theface'pl'ateland a correspondAv ingpressure plate is secured upon,thefsup-v porting i members'` 14. V AThe operating shaft` 33 is then'tu-rned tocause' the toggles to slide tl1e' pressure lplate 16 away from vthe-face plate 1. Th'e workisplaced inthe worklocating adapter?? and the' pressure plateV released toclamp the Workv between it and spring 18 will cause ythe pressureplate l16 to clamp thefworkwith a positive. pressure,

the vadapter ring.- The ,force veierted bythe .such that Ithe :same -is heldrigidly ingits ynataufival position while theifnuachiningopera-pi in its natural position without distortion.

' Moreover, the pressure may, by means of set screw 32 and the threaded connection between the member 22a and the bolt 23,' be adjusted through a wide range to give the desired pressure for any individual job. f In Figs. 6 and 7 I have shown-fa chuck which differs from the chuck just described in the manner in which the pressure plate 1s operated to engage and disengage the Work. VIn this form of the invention the,

pressure plate 40 is operated by a fluid yor air cylinder 41, whichis connected Vwith the usual piping, a pressure gage andoperating valve (not shown). This' cylinder is of a type well known in the art and containsa double-acting piston connected tothe rod 42, which has its outer end operably connected to an advancing and retracting member 43 reciprocally mounted in a central opening 44 in the chuck body 45. The `member 43 is bored to receive a hardened and ground bushing 56 which 1s used to pilot boringbars or reamers, and 1t has a shouldered' recess 57vv in the rear of the bushing to provide aclear- Vance for the pilot end of the boring bar while the tool is traveling laterally through the work. The chuck body 45 of this form of the invention is7` like .the body 1 of the form.

shown in Figs'l to 5 inclusive, adapted to be screw-threaded onto arevolving machine tool spindle 46, which, in the instant case,

is made hollow to permit Vthe piston rod 42r to pass therethrough. t

The central opening 44 of the chuck body is fitted with a hardened steel liner bushing 47. rIhe liner 47 is cut away asiat V48, to permit a pinion 49 keyed to an operating shaft 50 to pass therethrough to engage teeth 51 form-ed on the lower side of member 43. Ihe operating shaft 50 extends across the chuckbody 45 similar to the manner in which the shaft 27 of Fig. 1V extends across the chuck body 1, and

through cranks 52, links 53. and stud 54 at each end thereof is opera-bly connected to pressure plate 40 so that the pressure plate may be moved towards or away from the work. l

The bushing 47 may also act as aV register for centralizing the workholding adaptery 55.A It also provides means for centrali-.Zing

" the hardened and ground boringbar guide .@MVfliat'fIclai-m is v 5.1. AA ichuek" .eomprising'a `'body against `i `which an larticle Vupon :which wvonk .is yte. :lie @5 A. .cl

.bushing 56, 'due to vthe transfer fregister.y fob? y tained b'yxtgninding ftheiadvancing and ret tractiing member -wto .a .sliding-fit .bushljf fili-02475; y i i L'Ihefadvancing and retrac'tingmember I43 "3 iis preferablyformed fr-oniioilftoi-igghened steel tof a( `different ihard-ness' from bushing ylil-so .fthaztjiitiwiillinotseize when.sldablyopenated j limsaid bushing.- f

4Thel operai-tion of thefforni-'vof `invenitioii l5 ishotvnin Figs. 6 and 7 isf'very sianiflarito tha-t :already `:described,inconneetion Awith Figs-1 'l i `fto') .inclusi-ve, and only differs-therefrom iinA aheim-anner-of imparting movement tothe op.-

:eraiti'ngshadt 5,0. t

ftheanember is ieafus-ed'to :reciprocate inthe 'y iehuckjbodv-and as 1t fmoves one -way ser fthe otjherthe teethil engagingthe teeth y@fg-gear 149 ykeyedto lshaifta@ eause'the shaft tebeos.- n

.'icillatedgand Ythe pressure-plate 40., through thetoggle means,'tobe brought into engage'- .nient with :the work erft-o be.removed"fthere f-rom. lT It"haslbeen toundfthat ya pressure '03360 lbstozSOElbsper square inch 'will hold thekwork 'm tirnily `in place by meansfoft'he pressure platte; It twill,v of `cou-rise, .be funderstoodthatftheop erator :by suitably inarnipulating the 'operatvaluemontrollinggthe supplyof airtothe t piston-rod 42 andrn'ember 43 itobejmoved--in .either direetioinlandthat wvhenza'maohiyni'ng operation ,ii-s ibeing' performed on -the work; the control valve of fluid cylinder 41 will ibe `.zweet jso -thait fthe pressure `gelate y'40 uisfoons'tantly :urged towardthe ivorkjtofhold Vit against 'movement'. 11., l,

.perrEormed-is adapted :to be rclalnped', :mea-ns on said body for supporting `safidbo'dy r11-pon a hespiaidfle fof a Imachine `tool, a @pla-te adapted :to hold said =articlfefagainstQsaid tbody, slide f .means for guiding .said lplate., toggle imeanslmo for moningx-saidlplate, :said toggle means. being adapted toassume -a locked positionxto Y Aflrio'ldthe plateawayfrointte body-.and spring y inea-nsfforlurging said pla-te toward said iuokeomprising a 'tbody `vagainst which article upon which work-isitolbe performed is :adapted -to be clampedimeans wonfsaid body orsupportingsai-d body upon y 1 l the` spindle Qof ainachine tool, a Fplate adapted' to .holdsaid .article .aga-inst said body, .slide inea'ns' for guidingV said plate` )andV .toggle 'meansv for lmoving sai d pla-te, :said toggle inewslbeingadaptedito .assume a rlockedpos'i.-

ition'tohold the plate away fromthebody jtm-5 Y lilchuck,comprising ajbody ...against,lv y

which anlarticlenpon work sitofbe {performedfis.adapted'toibe clamped, .a vlate adaiptedto lholdsaidartide .against said. o.dy,

s'llide meanssupporting'saidplate,.spririg51280vl v'nder `41, :can :cause thepiston therein; ithe i` 'l Y l tuate saidftoggle means and-meansfon both lineans urging said' plate towards said body, andv means onbotli ends saidrshaftwhere-L Y the relation ofthetoggle means 'to said plate 'by said shaft Vma'yfbe operated to actuate said being such thatI when the togglemeans' isoptoggle from` v yerated in one directionit willhfold said Vplate awayfrom saidbody. v

1 4': VV'Azchucke' comprising =a b`oolr `v against which; anirregul'arly shaped article upony which'work is to `be performed is adapted to Y lbecla-mped, said body having a face vof 'a shape which is complementary to tha-tof one fside of the article, a plate adapted 4to hold vsaid article 'against said body, and-having a lfacecornplementary in 'shape to the other side f In testimo offsaid' article, slide means supporting said f plate, spring means urging said plate towards away` from' said Lb ody5`s'aid toggle becoming ,saidbody, toggle means-forurging saidplate A operatingsaid toggle and means on both'ends v l Y of l'said rod for actuatingfit to Voperate said toggle; c y

Y f :toggle means connecting said slidablermea'ns f'fA chuckcomprisingr 'a7 bodyjl against Y vwhich' an article' up'on'fWhi-ch Work is tober` .perform'edfis adapted to be clamped,y aplate adapted to, holdsaid article` against: Vsaid body,- means slidably connected to said'plate',

andsaid body and means adapted toclamp saidrslidable means to saidlplate, said toggle means Yadapted-'to 'actuategsaid plate and'said adapted tohold'said'article again-st said body,

toggle means for actuating Vsaid plate, a rodA -clamping and slidingmeans adapted'to advjustV the operation of said plate through said l :ti-:A1- chu'ckfoomprisinga bo'dyagainst'g A 'which an: article is to-befclampe'dfa plate passing throughsaid bodyand adapted to acvends-of said rod for operating said rod toactuate said toggleu f 7."A 'chuck comprising `a body' against which an'` article upon Which. work is to be performed adapted to be clamped, a threaded ring attached to said body fori supporting l said body upon-the spindle ofa machine tool',

v aface plate attached to said body and'having Said'plate carrying a second face plate shaped vcomplementary to the othei` side ofsaid aritic'le, said'second -facei plate and saidplate i" having a central opening therethrough to per- Y Amit access" to the article yto Vbe 'Worked upon,V l A kslide means connectingsaid plate and body, a v

i 'spring urgingxsaid'plate; toward said body, i

a'stub shaftk slidablyfmountfed"in said plate andadapted to be Vclamped in position'by a set screw' in saidplate, a shaft passingtransversei 1y through 'said body', a toggle connecting said ushaft and` stub shaft, said toggle being so 4 forme'd as tofassu'me a locked positionjwhfen 7 said' plate isV moved' a Wa} f-'from` said body, 

